Professions
Remember you can't get a job, or Profession points (PP) until you are level 20. In the New World (Astonia v3.5) not all these professions are offered. I've put version numbers next to which is offered for which and if anythings changed. As of right now this is a "go-by-day" info that I learn.

In version 3.5 there is a new "/support " command which allows you to transfer the benefits of the profession to another character (while said character is in view). Using this command, a trader can give a friend access to the better prices without transferring the items around. An alchemist can let the potion owner do the shaking etc. This does not work with Miner and Mercenary though.

Alchemist (v3.0 only):
Base cost 10 PPS and 900g.
Improve cost 10 PPS and 500g, maxes at 50.
10: Capable of making full moon potions all the time
20: Capable of making equinox potions at full moon, gets 4 points bonus to all potions (results in +2 to one skill potions or +1 to three skill potions)
30: Capable of making solstice potions at full moon, gets 8 points bonus
40: Capable of making equinox potions all the time, gets 12 points bonus
50: Capable of making make solstice potions all the time, gets 16 points bonus

Alchemist (v3.5 only):
Alchemist is changed to a max of 25 PP, with these benefits:
5: gets 2pts bonus
10: Capable of making full moon potions all the time, gets 4 pts bonus
15: Capable of making equinox potions at full moon, gets 8 pts bonus
25: Capable of making solstice potions at full moon, gets 12 pts bonus

Assassin (v3.0 only):
Base cost 10 PPS and 900g.
Improve cost 5 PPS and 250g, maxes at 50
Gets fighting bonus when attacking an enemy from the side/behind (+1 to attack per PPS) Gets vastly increased to-hit probability and damage when attacking an idle enemy from behind (backstab, +3 attack per PPS, +5 damage per PPS)

Athlete (v3.0 only):
Base cost 6 PPS and 600g.
Improve cost 3 PPS and 150g, maxes at 30.
Increases speed, has three times the effect of Speed Skill. Also reduces endurance cost of fast mode by up to 66%.

Clan Warrior (v3.0 only):
Base cost 6 PPS and 600g.
Improve cost 3 PPS and 150g, maxes at 30
+PPS on all base stats in clan-catacombs. Similar to LW and DW

For Clan Warrior it works like this:
At each upgrade (improvement) you get +2.
6pps = +2
9pps = +2
12pps = +2
15pps = +2
18pps = +2
21pps = +2
24pps = +2
27pps = +2
30pps = +2
For a grand total of +18 at master status.
But thats for regular stats. Int, Wis, Agi, Str go up differently. you get +3 with every upgrade so by the time your a Master CW you'll have +30 in those stats.

Dark Warrior (v3.0 only):
Base cost 6 PPS and 600g.
Improve cost 3 PPS and 150g, maxes at 30
Gets +0.5 per PPS to all bases from 18:00 to 6:00.
Cannot be learned by someone knowing 'Master of Light'.
30: Gets infravision (ie. can see other living characters in the dark but not walls/items/undead).

For Dark Warrior it works like this:
At each upgrade (improvement) you get +1.
6pps = +1
9pps = +1
12pps = +1
15pps = +1
18pps = +1
21pps = +1
24pps = +1
27pps = +1
30pps = +1
For a grand total of +9 at master status.

Herbalist (v3.0 only):
Base cost 10 PPS and 600g.
Improve cost 10 PPS and 500g, maxes at 30
10: Capable of picking a flower/berry/mushroom every 12 hours.
20: Capable of picking a flower/berry/mushroom every 8 hours.
30: Capable of picking a flower/berry/mushroom every 4 hours.

Light Warrior (v3.0 only):
Base cost 6 PPS and 600g.
Improve cost 3 PPS and 150g, maxes at 30
Gets +0.5 per PPS to all bases from 6:00 to 18:00.
Cannot be learned by someone knowing 'Master of Dark'.
30: Gets holy vision (ie. can see undead creatures in the dark but not walls/items/living beings).

For Light Warrior it works like this:
At each upgrade (improvement) you get +1.
6pps = +1
9pps = +1
12pps = +1
15pps = +1
18pps = +1
21pps = +1
24pps = +1
27pps = +1
30pps = +1
For a grand total of +9 at master status.

Mercenary (v3.0 only):
Base cost 4 PPS and 400g.
Improve cost 2 PPS and 100g, maxes at 20
PPS*2% more military points from military missions,
also gets paid for doing them.

Mercenary (v3.5 only):
Improve cost 2 PPS and 100g, maxes at 25
PPS*2% (not sure if this is the same for v3.5 yet) more military points from military missions,
also gets paid for doing them.

Miner (v3.0 only):
Base cost 4 PPS and 400g.
Improve cost 2 PPS and 100g, maxes at 20
Increases probability to find silver/gold by 10% per PPS, reduced endurance cost (by PPS*4%).

Miner (v3.5 only):
Increases the amount of silver/gold found by 1% per PP. Maxes at 25.

Smith (v3.5 only):
Reduces the amount of silver/gold needed to repair an item by 1% per PP. Maxes at 25.

Thief:
Base cost 6 PPS and 300g.
Improve cost 3 PPS and 150g, maxes at 30
Gets +2 to stealth for each PPS, will remain invisible even when next to another character when walking or idle. A PK thief can steal from another PK within level limits.

Trader (v3.0 only):
Base cost 4 PPS and 400g.
Improve cost 2 PPS and 100g, maxes at 20
Bonus when buying/selling in shops. With Master Trader 120 mod in bartering will get the best prices when buying and selling.

Trader (v3.5 only):
Improve cost 2 PPS and 100g, maxes at 25